Emergency Medicine | Eklavya Medical
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Emergency Medicine

Acute care, resuscitation protocols, emergency procedures, and trauma management.

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QUESTION 1
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Q1- Classify facial fractures. Describe the principles of airway management in a patient with facial injury. Describe Le Fort classification of midfacial fractures. Describe Le Fort fractures and management algorithm for maxillofacial injuries. Q2 - Enumerate clinical factors indicating need for aggressive airway management in neck injuries. Describe airway management in patients with neck trauma. Describe the penetrating neck trauma protocol. Describe the triangles and zones of neck in relation to trauma assessment. QDescribe clinical presentation and radiological features of blow out orbital fracture.Clinical Presentation3- Describe classification and haemorrhage control in such patients. Describe examination of a patient with maxillofacial injuries. Q4- Describe the management of laryngo-tracheal injuries in children.Clinical Features Suggesting Laryngotracheal Injury Q5- Describe the characteristics of primary and permanent dentition. Q6 - Describe clinical features and management of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. Q7 - Describe clinical features and ED management of peritonsillar abscess. Q8 - Describe clinical presentation and management of temporo-mandibular joint dislocation in ED. Q9 - Describe nerve blocks of the face. Describe the clinical presentation and management of local anaesthetic systemic toxicity. Q10 - Describe the assessment and management of lip laceration.

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QUESTION 2
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Q1- A 20-year-old male patient has presented with a foreign body in the cornea of the eye. Describe the principles of management in ED. Q2- Describe the emergency management of blunt ocular trauma. Q3- A 15 years old girl has presented with laceration of eye lid. Discuss assessment and emergency management. Q4- A 50 years old male has presented with sudden onset visual loss with painful red eye on right side. Discuss the emergency management. Q5- A 5 years old boy has presented with foreign body in right ear. Discuss management in emergency department. Q6- A 50 years old patient has presented with bleeding from nose. Describe assessment and management in emergency department. / Discuss the ED management of epistaxis Q7- A 55 years old patient has presented with stridor with SpO2 of 80% on room air. Describe management in emergency department. Q8- 65 years old male patient has presented with swelling in the floor of mouth and foul smelling breath. His mouth opening is grossly limited. There is a history of tooth extraction 8 days ago. Describe initial assessment and management in emergency department. Q9- Draw a labelled diagram of middle ear. Enumerate the causes of "Otitis externa". Write the differentiating features of sensorineural deafness and conductive deafness. Q10- Enumerate causes of otalgia. Describe the pathophysiology and microbiology of otitis media. Enumerate the complications of otitis media. Discuss the ED treatment of otitis media. Q11- Describe the clinical presentation and management of malignant otitis externa. Q12- A 2-year-old child presented with fever, drooling of saliva and stridor. Enumerate causes of stridor in infants and children. Describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of croup. Q13- Enumerate the causes of red eye. Describe the ED evaluation and management of a patient with red eye. Q14- Describe the ED evaluation and management of penetrating eye injury in a young boy. Q15- Describe the ED evaluation and management of orbital cellulitis in a 65 year old female patient with diabetes mellitus. / Describe the assessment and management of peri-orbital and orbital cellulitis.

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QUESTION 3
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Q1- A 40 years old male patient has presented with abdominal distension, pain and vomiting. Discuss the differential diagnosis and ED management. Q2- A 23 years old female patient has presented with pain in lower abdomen on right side. There is a history of vomiting once. Discuss differential diagnosis and initial management. Q3- A 50 years old male patient has presented with hematemesis. He is a chronic alcoholic. Discuss ED assessment and management Q4- Sixty five years old male patient has presented with blood in stools. There is a history of altered bowel habits and loss of weight over a month. Describe management in ED. Q5- Describe the investigations and initial management of a case of jaundice presenting to ED. / Describe the metabolism and excretion of biliary pigments. Q6- Discuss the management of an alcoholic presenting with pain in abdomen of acute onset. There is a history of admission in hospital for similar pain in the past. His vitals are stable. Clinical Suspicion Q7- A 50 years old obese female patient has presented with acute onset pain in right upper quadrant. There is history of nausea and 2-3 episodes of vomiting. There is a history of a party attended by her with intake of heavy fatty food. Describe emergency department management. / Discuss the clinical features, evaluation and ED management of acute cholecystitis.Clinical Diagnosis Q8- Describe the pathophysiology and diagnostic modalities used in case of blunt abdominal trauma. / Describe the role of FAST and Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage (DPL) in case of blunt abdominal trauma. Q9- A 30 year old pregnant lady presents with blunt abdominal trauma following a road traffic accident. Describe initial assessment and management. Q10- Describe grading and management of splenic trauma. Q11- Describe classification and management of haemorrhagic shock. Q12- Describe the assessment and management of a patient with penetrating abdominal trauma with massive hemoperitoneum presenting to ED. Q13- Describe the diagnosis and treatment for suspected urinary bladder injury. / Describe diagnosis and management of bladder injuries. / A 27-year-old man was found to be involved in a car accident... genitourinary trauma is suspected.Describe the diagnosis and treatment of extraperitoneal bladder rupture. Enumerate the indications for operative treatment for extraperitoneal bladder rupture. Q14- Describe patient evaluation in emergency room for suspected liver trauma. Q15- Enumerate the causes of upper GI bleeding. Describe the evaluation, investigations and management of such a patient in ED. Q16- A 36 year old male patient, post renal transplant, has presented with sudden onset abdominal pain and vomiting of 1 day duration. There is severe epigastric tenderness but no graft tenderness. Guarding and rigidity is present. There is tetany on examination. Discuss the probable cause. Discuss the investigations and management of the case. Q17- Discuss the pathophysiology and management of hepatic encephalopathy.Pathophysiology Q18- Discuss the clinical features and ED management of a patient presenting with paraphimosis.Definition Q19- Discuss briefly differential diagnosis of acute scrotal pain. Discuss the treatment options for testicular torsion in ED. /Discuss the clinical findings and management of a patient with testicular torsion. Q20- Discuss the emergency management of a patient with epigastric pain and severe nausea and repeated vomiting with non bilious brown vomitus. He is having discomfort in chest. There is history of alcohol intake a night prior.

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